Treaties

Treaties **Treaty of Tordesillas 1494** - a line of demarcation drawn by the pope; western hemisphere except for Brazil open to Spain, and Eastern hemisphere for Portugal


 * Treaty of Utrecht 1713**- after the War of Spanish Succession, France lost Newfoundland, Hudson Bay, and Nova Scotia to Britain

**Treaty of Paris 1783**- Spain and France agreed to end hostilities

**The Jay Treaty 1794** - prevented a possible war between America and Great Britan. established undisputed American soverignty over the entire Northwest.Set up trade with Britain. But the American people were not happy with the settlements.

**The Pinckney Treaty** - settled americas conflicts with Spain. Recognized the right of Americans to navigate the Mississippi and and deposite goods in New Orleans. It also agreed to fix the northern boundary of Florida. and required Spanish authorities to prevent teh indians in Florida from launching raids across the border. launching raids across the border.

**Adams- Onis Treaty 1819** - Spain ceded all of Florida to the United States and gave up its claim to the territory north of the 42nd parallel in the pacific northwest. The American government gave up its claims to Texas.

**Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848** - negotiated by Nicholas Trist, Mexico agreed to cede California and New Mexico to the US, and awknowledged the Rio Grande as the boundary of Texas. The US promised to assume any financial claims its new citizens had against Mexico and pay 15 million dollars to Mexico.

**Treaty of Ghent 1814** - Americans gave up their demand for British renunciation of impressmant and for the cession of Canada to the United States. The British abandoned their call for the creation of an Indian buffer state in the northwest and made other minor territorial concessions. signed on Christmas Eve =)

**Treaty of Washington 1871**- negotiated by Hamilton Fish, provided for international arbitration and in which Britian expressed regret for the "escape" of the Alabama from England

**Webster - Ashburton treaty 1842**- established a firm northern boundary between the US and Canada along the main New Brunswick boarder, gave the US a little bit more than half of the disputed (Oregon) territory. protected critical trade route in the Northern US and southern Canada.

**﻿Treaty of Wang Hya 1842**- gave the US the same trade rights in China as the British, and the right of extraterritoriality ( the right of Americans accused of crimes in China to be tried by American, not Chinese, officials.

**Treaty of Paris (1898)** - war with Spain ended, and the US paid 20 million dollars for the Philippines

**The Treaty of Versailles** - 1919 ensured that the United States would not be obligated to accept a League mandate to oversee a territory and that the League would not challenge the Monroe Doctrine


 * The Five-Power Naval Treaty**- at the Washington "Disarmament" conference (1921-1922), convened by President Harding, the US, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy agreed to limit their capital ships. They also agreed to ban the use of certain weapons such as poison gas and restricted submarine warfare.


 * The Four-Power Treaty**- also at the Washington Conference the US, Britain, Japan and France agreed to respect one another's territories in the Pacific by not creating forward military bases.


 * The Nine-Power Treaty**- yet another product of the Washington Conference this treaty reaffirmed the Open Door policy in China


 * Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)** - this agreement outlawed war but made no plans for enforcement, or provide for defensive wars.


 * Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (1968)** - banned the transfer of nuclear weapons to nonnuclear nations


 * Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (1969-1972)** - known as SALT I, aimed to prevent the expansion of nuclear arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union. SALT II amied to futher reductions, but senate refused to ratify once the Soviet invaded Afghanistan


 * Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty**- (1972) ABM restricted the development of defense systems that could be used against strategic ballilstic missiles


 * Strategic Arms Reduction Talks** - (started in 1982) START aimed to reduce long-range nuclear missiles. President Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) or "Star Wars" a satellite defensive system that would ostensibly destroy incoming missiles, was an impeidment to START


 * Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Agreement**- (1987) the US and Soviet Union agreed to eliminate all intermediate-range nuclear weapons from their arsenals